Composition of concentrated reagent-grade acids, ammonium hydroxide, and sodium and potassium hydroxide solutions (with dilution directions to 1M and 1N solutions)
Chemical Formula Weight of Reagenta Approximate Density Approximate Strength of Concd. Reagentb Assay Limits % w/w Molarity of Concd. Reagent Milliliters of Concd. Reagent Necessary to Prepare 1 Liter of 1 Molar Solutionc Normality of Concd. Reagent Milliliters of Concd. Reagent Necessary to Prepare 1 Liter of 1 Normal Solutionc

Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)

60.052

1.05

99.8

99.7–99.9

17.4

57.5

17.4

57.5

Formic Acid (HCOOH)

46.026

1.13

90

88.0–92.0

23.6

42.5

23.6

42.5

Hydrochloric Acid (HCI)

36.461

1.18

37.2

36.5–38.0

12.1

82.5

12.1

82.5

Hydrofluoric Acid (HF)

20.006

1.19

49

48.0–51.0

28.9

34.5

28.9

34.5

Nitric Acid (HNO3)

63.013

1.41

69.6

69.0–70.0

15.6

64

15.6

63

Perchloric Acid (HCIO4)

100.458

1.67

70.5

70.0–72.0

11.7

85.5

11.7

85.5

Perchloric Acid (HCIO4)

100.458

1.67

61.3

60.0–62.0

9.5

105.5

9.5

105.5

Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4)

97.995

1.71

85.5

85.0–87.0

14.8

67.5

44.4

22.5

Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)

98.073

1.84

96

95.0–98.0

18

55.5

36

28

Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH)

35.046

0.90

56.6d

—

14.5

69

14.5

69

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

39.997

1.53

50.5

50.0–52.0

19.4

51.5

19.4

51.5

Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)

56.105

1.45

45

45.0–46.0

11.7

85.5

11.7

85.5

a. Based on Atomic Weight Table (32C = 12).
b. Representative value, w/w %.
c. Rounded to nearest 0.5 ml.
d. Equivalent to 28.0 % w/w NH3.